Kidney stones are a common health issue that many people face at some point in their lives. These small, hard deposits of minerals and salts can cause intense discomfort, but can they also result in stomach pain? 

In this guide, we’ll explore the relationship between kidney stones and stomach pain, and how the presence of these stones can lead to symptoms that mimic other conditions. We’ll also discuss the prevalence of kidney stones, how they impact individuals, and when to seek medical attention.

What are kidney stones?

Kidney stones are solid masses that form in your kidneys from minerals and salts in your urine. The most common type is made up of calcium oxalate, though they can also be composed of uric acid, struvite, or cystine. 

These stones vary in size, from tiny particles that can pass unnoticed to large stones that require medical intervention. When kidney stones move through the urinary tract, they can cause severe pain, known as renal colic, which typically begins in the lower back or side and may radiate to the groin.

The link between kidney stones and stomach pain

While kidney stones are often associated with pain in the lower back, side, or groin, it is not uncommon for individuals to experience stomach pain. This can occur for several reasons, some related to the stone itself and others due to secondary factors caused by the stone’s presence.

1. Referred pain

Pain from kidney stones can sometimes be referred to the abdomen or stomach. This happens because the nerves that transmit pain sensations from the kidneys, ureters, and abdomen are closely related. As a result, pain originating in the kidneys may be felt in different areas of the body, including the stomach.

2. Obstruction and blockage

When a kidney stone moves into the ureter, it can cause a blockage, preventing urine from flowing properly. This blockage can lead to swelling in the kidney and increased pressure, which can cause discomfort that may radiate to the abdomen. In some cases, the pressure on the kidneys can cause nausea and vomiting, which further complicates stomach pain.

3. Infection

If a kidney stone causes a urinary tract infection (UTI), it can lead to symptoms such as fever, chills, and a burning sensation during urination. This infection can cause inflammation in the urinary tract and the surrounding organs, including the stomach. Infected stones can lead to more severe abdominal discomfort or pain, which can sometimes be confused with digestive issues.

Read more: How Long Does It Take For A UTI To Turn Into A Kidney Infection?

4. Nausea and vomiting

Many people with kidney stones experience nausea and vomiting, often as a result of the body’s response to intense pain. This is particularly common in cases where the stones are large or cause blockages. Nausea and vomiting can mimic stomach pain or discomfort, making it difficult to pinpoint the exact cause.

Symptoms of kidney stones that may mimic stomach issues

If you have kidney stones and are experiencing stomach pain, it is important to be aware of the symptoms that may be associated with the condition. Some signs that kidney stones may be the cause of your discomfort include:

• Severe pain in the side or back that radiates to the stomach area
• Painful urination or blood in the urine
• Nausea or vomiting, especially when the pain becomes severe
• Fever or chills, which could indicate an infection
• A constant, dull ache or a sharp, cramping sensation that comes and goes
• Difficulty finding a comfortable position due to pain

In some cases, the stomach pain may worsen over time, particularly if the stone moves or becomes lodged in a narrower part of the urinary tract.

When to seek medical help

If you are experiencing stomach pain that you suspect may be related to kidney stones, it is important to seek medical attention. While kidney stones often pass on their own, severe pain or other symptoms may require professional intervention. You should consider seeing a doctor if:

• You experience sharp or severe abdominal or back pain that doesn’t go away
• You notice blood in your urine or have difficulty urinating
• You experience nausea, vomiting, or fever
• You are unable to find a comfortable position due to pain
• The pain becomes progressively worse or lasts for an extended period

A doctor may use imaging tests, such as ultrasound or CT scans, to determine the size and location of the kidney stones. If necessary, they may recommend treatment options, including medication, shock wave therapy, or surgery, to help pass or remove the stones.

Closing notes

Kidney stones can indeed cause stomach pain, either directly through referred pain or indirectly through related symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or infection. Understanding the connection between kidney stones and abdominal discomfort is key to identifying the condition early and seeking appropriate treatment. 

If you experience symptoms of kidney stones, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider who can guide you on the best course of action. By staying hydrated, maintaining a balanced diet, and managing risk factors, you can reduce your chances of developing kidney stones in the future.

Related read: How To Stop Kidney Stone Pain Immediately